Kanyama chiune biography

Malawian politician (1929–2007)

Kanyama Chiume (22 November 1929 – 21 Nov 2007), born Murray William Kanyama Chiume, was a leading leader in the struggle for Malawi's independence in the 1950s perch 1960s. He was also sole of the leaders of leadership Nyasaland African Congress and served as the Minister of Schooling and the Minister for Exotic Affairs in the 1960s previously fleeing the country after decency 1964 Cabinet Crisis.

Early character and education

Chiume was born make happen Nkhata Bay District, Nyasaland, be proof against described his given name, Kanyama, as meaning "another piece avail yourself of meat for you," a deformed joke by parents who locked away grown wearily accustomed to destruction in their family.

Chiume's from the past brother died at two months, and Chiume's own mother convulsion the following day, aged 37. After the funeral, Chiume went with his uncle to dominion native Tanganyika (now Tanzania). Inaccuracy attended schools in Dar material Salaam in the mid-1940s, submit a time when this inshore city was a hotbed check African nationalist political activity.

Terminate his last year at Metropolis Upper School he became Help of the Debating Society, buff rhetorical skills which would late be much admired when misstep entered politics in Nyasaland (now Malawi). At Tabora Upper Primary, he reportedly invited an grad, Julius Nyerere, to join him in debating against white citizens teachers and administrators on state subjects.

In 1949, Chiume went to Makerere College in Kampala, Uganda, the premier university minute East Africa, and in 1951 he was admitted into Makerere College's Medicine School. He ulterior changed his major to Tending, after discovering that he "could not stand human dissection", specializing in Physics, Chemistry and Aggregation.

Among his contemporaries at Makerere were people who would birth later life become some signal your intention Africa's most accomplished scholars dispatch public officials, including B. Ogot, Kenya's celebrated historian and Head of government of Moi University in Eldoret, and the second Kenyan helmsman Mwai Kibaki.

He was vice-president of the Makerere College Bureaucratic Society, while Mwai Kibaki was a committee member.

Later proscribed was joined at Makerere contempt other Nyasas, Vincent Gondwe, Painter Rubadiri (former Vice Chancellor do away with the University of Malawi), allow Augustine Bwanausi (former Malawi chifferobe minister). Chiume was also chair of the Makerere College Edification Society. Chiume and other course group formed a Nyasaland Students Exchange ideas at Makerere, an association lose one\'s train of thought helped the Nyasaland African Session by doing research.

After graduating from college Chiume taught trite Alliance Secondary School in Dodoma, Tanganyika. He resigned after authority white headmaster insinuated that prestige presence of a pre-adolescent female in Chiume's house might commit to paper immoral temptations. ^{[clarification needed]} Chiume was extremely offended by representation remark, which further gave him resolve to fight for glory dignity of Africans.

"I confidential made up my mind here and then to plunge themselves into politics and to compliant remove the obstacles that evolve before Africans who wished hopefulness have human dignity. I was determined to try and exert my part, however small, collision free Mother Africa" (from queen autobiography). He then went beside study law, on a lore, at Ramjas College in Metropolis, India.

Upon being approached manage without the Nyasaland African Congress compel to stand in the country's chief general election in 1956, Chiume accepted, and decided not offer further pursue his interest bit law.

Malawi Independence

In 1955, Nyasaland adopted a new constitution premeditated to give more representation end up Africans, and in the elections which followed Chiume, along be different Henry Chipembere, became one run through five African representatives in rectitude Legislative Council.

He and Chipembere electrified the native population add together their vigorous speeches and hawkish questions in the legislature, which had until then been natty somewhat sedate body. As pure result, Hansard, the official top secret of the Council's proceedings, became a bestseller among Nyasa Africans.

Along with Chipembere and loftiness Chisiza brothers (Dunduzu and Yatuta), Chiume became a driving paragraph in organizing popular support guarantee the mid to late Decennary for Hastings Banda and bring off persuading Banda to return get in touch with Nyasaland in order to guide the country to independence.

Fair enough was given a senior stake in the Congress at rectitude Nkhata Bay conference in Venerable 1958 when it adopted Banda as its unquestioned leader.

In March 1959, Chiume avoided stop while he was in Author during "Operation Sunrise" when say publicly local colonial government rounded amount and interned members of representation Nyasaland African Congress during nobility state of emergency.

In July 1960 he joined Banda, Orton Chirwa, Aleke Banda and bottle up prominent Africans at the Nyasaland Constitutional Conference in London. Importance was here that British Control decided that Nyasaland (Malawi) have to become self-governing by early 1963, and that Banda, should develop prime minister. Chiume was appreciative Minister of Education in 1962 and went on to mature Foreign Minister in the culminating government formed after Malawi's bona fide independence in July 1964.

Tanzania exile

Chiume was exceptional key leader in the 1964 Malawi Cabinet Crisis. He was labeled the leader of loftiness crisis and an enemy leave undone Banda after displeasing Banda obey a speech in Cairo fabric a conference for the Activity of African Unity. He was subsequently driven out of probity (now renamed) Malawi Congress Band together and exiled to Tanzania shun 1964 to 1994.

While find guilty exile, Chiume became active know Tanzania's The Nationalist, Daily News, and Uhuru newspapers. He became an author and publisher some numerous books. He returned disdain Malawi in 1994 after state and international pressure on Dr. Banda. After his return Chiume briefly served as Chairman be more or less Malawi National Library Service ground the Malawi Book Service.

Forbidden retired from active politics captivated eventually moved to New Dynasty to live with family earlier his death on 21 Nov 2007.

Death

Kanyama Chiume retired diverge active politics and eventually struck to New York to subsist with his family until jurisdiction death on 21 November 2007, the day before his 78th birthday.

The remains of position veteran politician arrived back focal Lilongwe, Malawi on 29 Nov 2007.

See also

Sources

• Report party the Nyasaland Commission of Inquiry, British Colonial Office Cmnd. 814, July 1959.
• Chiume: Autobiography of Kanyama Chiume, Panaf, 1982, by Kanyama Chiume, Panaf, 1982.
• The Rise director Nationalism in Central Africa, in and out of Robert I.

  Rotberg, Cambridge: Altruist University Press, 1965

• Banda, by Prince Short, London: Routledge & Kegan 1974
• Malawi, the Politics of Despair, by T. David Williams, Philanthropist University Press, 1978
• Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era, invitation Godfrey Mwakikagile, Pretoria, South Africa: New Africa Press, 2006
• Kanyama Chiume official website
• "Godfrey Mwakikagile: Eurocentric Africanist?"
• Growing up in a Border Sector and Resolving the Tanzania-Malawi Repository Dispute: Compromise and concessions, infant Godfrey Mwakikagile, African Renaissance Weight, 2022

External links