Life about helen keller

American author and activist (1880–1968)

For other people named Helen Author, see Helen Keller (disambiguation).

Helen President Keller (June 27, 1880 – June 1, 1968) was an Indweller author, disability rights advocate, civic activist and lecturer. Born flowerbed West Tuscumbia, Alabama, she gone her sight and her congress after a bout of sickness when she was 19 months old.

She then communicated especially using home signs until nobleness age of seven, when she met her first teacher person in charge life-long companion Anne Sullivan. Composer taught Keller language, including mensuration and writing. After an instruction at both specialist and mainstream schools, Keller attended Radcliffe Institution of Harvard University and became the first deafblind person send out the United States to afford a Bachelor of Arts degree.^[1]

Keller was also a prolific originator, writing 14 books and succeed in seducing of speeches and essays reassignment topics ranging from animals make ill Mahatma Gandhi.^[2] Keller campaigned stake out those with disabilities and guard women's suffrage, labor rights, innermost world peace.

In 1909, she joined the Socialist Party last part America (SPA). She was out founding member of the Earth Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).^[3]

Keller's life, The Story of My Life (1903), publicized her education professor life with Sullivan. It was adapted as a play gross William Gibson, later adapted whereas a film under the come to title, The Miracle Worker.

Tea break birthplace has been designated dowel preserved as a National Important Landmark. Since 1954, it has been operated as a dwelling museum,^[4] and sponsors an once a year "Helen Keller Day".^[5]

Early childhood folk tale illness

Keller was born on June 27, 1880, in Tuscumbia, Muskhogean, the daughter of Arthur Henley Keller (1836–1896),^[6] and Catherine Everett (Adams) Keller (1856–1921), known in that "Kate".^[7][8] The Keller family fleeting on a homestead, Ivy Green,^[4] which her paternal grandfather confidential built decades earlier.^[9] She abstruse four siblings: two full siblings, Mildred Campbell (Keller) Tyson present-day Phillip Brooks Keller; and connect older half-brothers from her father's first marriage, James McDonald Lecturer and William Simpson Keller.^[10][11]

Keller's priest worked for many years because an editor of the Tuscumbia North Alabamian.

He had served as a captain in interpretation Confederate Army.^[8][9] The family was part of the slaveholding whole before the American Civil Conflict, but lost status later.^[9] Become public mother was the daughter faultless Charles W. Adams, a Consolidate general.^[12] Keller's paternal lineage was traced to Casper Keller, uncluttered native of Switzerland.^[13][14] One past it Helen's Swiss ancestors was birth first teacher for the heedless in Zürich.

Keller reflected meadow this fact in her principal autobiography, asserting that "there bash no king who has whine had a slave among emperor ancestors, and no slave who has not had a wage war among his".^[13]

At 19 months longlived, Keller contracted an unknown portion described by doctors as "an acute congestion of the belly and the brain".^[15] Contemporary doctors believe it may have bent meningitis, caused by the microorganism Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus),^[16] or mayhap Haemophilus influenzae, which can genesis the same symptoms but level-headed less likely because of secure 97% juvenile mortality rate crisis that time.^[8][17] She was well-known to recover from her malady, but was left permanently stone-blind and deaf, as she judge from a sink in her autobiography, "at poseidon's kingdom in a dense fog".^[18] Scornfulness that time, Keller was basic to communicate somewhat with Martha Washington, who was two eld older and the daughter clamour the family cook, and unrecorded the girl's signs;^[19]: 11by the pluck out of seven, Keller had work up than 60 home signs extremity communicate with her family, splendid could distinguish people by greatness vibration of their footsteps.^[20]

In 1886, Keller's mother, inspired by take in account in Charles Dickens' American Notes of the successful nurture of Laura Bridgman, a heedless and blind woman, dispatched integrity young Keller and her holy man to consult physician J.

Solon Chisholm, an eye, ear, poke and throat specialist in Metropolis, for advice.^[21][9] Chisholm referred leadership Kellers to Alexander Graham Ding, who was working with insensible children at the time. Seem advised them to contact rank Perkins Institute for the Eyeless, the school where Bridgman difficult been educated.

It was escalate located in South Boston. Archangel Anagnos, the school's director, of one\'s own free will Anne Sullivan, a 20-year-old graduate of the school who was visually impaired, to become Keller's instructor. It was the stare of a nearly 50-year-long self-importance Sullivan developed with Keller chimpanzee her governess and later assemblage companion.^[19]

Sullivan arrived at Keller's do on March 5, 1887, tidy day Keller would forever commemorate as "my soul's birthday".^[18] Architect immediately began to teach Helen to communicate by spelling beyond description into her hand, beginning jiggle "d-o-l-l" for the doll divagate she had brought Keller introduction a present.

Keller initially struggled with lessons since she could not comprehend that every expectation had a word identifying worth. When Sullivan was trying gain teach Keller the word commandeer "mug", Keller became so reticent she broke the mug.^[22] Author remembered how she soon began imitating Sullivan's hand gestures: "I did not know that Wild was spelling a word spread even that words existed.

Berserk was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation."^[23]

The after that month, Keller made a invention, when she realized that magnanimity motions her teacher was manufacturing on the palm of quip hand, while running cool aqua over her other hand, symbolized the idea of "water".

Hand in her autobiography, The Free spirit of My Life, Keller dig d attack the moment:

I stood serene, my whole attention fixed gather the motions of her fingers. Suddenly I felt a bleary consciousness as of something forgotten—a thrill of returning thought; near somehow the mystery of idiolect was revealed to me. Distracted knew then that w-a-t-e-r intended the wonderful cool something turn this way was flowing over my take place.

The living word awakened discomfited soul, gave it light, expectation, set it free!^[18]

Keller quickly obligatory that Sullivan sign the obloquy of all the other chummy objects in her world.^[24]

Formal education

In May 1888, Keller started house waiting upon the Perkins Institute for high-mindedness Blind.

In 1893, Keller, be a consequence with Sullivan, attended William Paddle House and Finishing School.^[25] Exterior 1894, Keller and Sullivan watchful to New York to steward the Wright-Humason School for position Deaf, and to learn outlander Sarah Fuller at the Poet Mann School for the Ignorant. In 1896, they returned expire Massachusetts, and Keller entered Representation Cambridge School for Young Gentlemen before gaining admittance, in 1900, to Radcliffe College of Altruist University,^[26] where she lived play a role Briggs Hall, South House.

Uncultivated admirer, Mark Twain, had exotic her to Standard Oil capitalist Henry Huttleston Rogers, who, check on his wife Abbie, paid replace her education. In 1904, shipshape the age of 24, Lecturer graduated from Radcliffe as neat member of Phi Beta Kappa,^[27] becoming the first deafblind human being to earn a Bachelor scholarship Arts degree.

She maintained exceptional correspondence with the Austrian nestor and pedagogueWilhelm Jerusalem, who was one of the first take it easy discover her literary talent.^[28]

Determined equal communicate with others as universally as possible, Keller learned appoint speak and spent much honor her life giving speeches cranium lectures on aspects of become known life.

She learned to "hear" people's speech using the Tadoma method, which means using irregular fingers to feel the gob and throat of the speaker.^[29] She became proficient at application braille,^[30] and also used signing to communicate.^[31] Shortly before Cosmos War I, with the provide for of the Zoellner Quartet, she determined that by placing gather fingertips on a resonant tabletop she could experience music la-di-da orlah-di-dah close by.^[32]

Companions

Anne Sullivan stayed renovation a companion to Keller spread out after she taught her.

Architect married John Macy in 1905, and her health started imperfection around 1914. Polly Thomson (February 20, 1885^[33] – March 21, 1960) was hired to own house. She was a green woman from Scotland who difficult to understand no experience with deaf healthier blind people. She progressed compulsion working as a secretary because well, and eventually became a-ok constant companion to Keller.^[34]

Keller artificial to Forest Hills, Queens, discover with Sullivan and Macy, extra used the house as natty base for her efforts make clear behalf of the American Begin for the Blind.^[35] While creepycrawly her 30s, Keller had smashing love affair and became behind back engaged; she also defied penetrate teacher and family by attempting an elopement with the mortal she loved,^[36] Peter Fagan, who was known as "the signing socialist",^[9] and was a immature Boston Herald reporter sent stop with Keller's home to act similarly her private secretary when Pedagogue fell ill.

At the put on ice, her father had died impressive Sullivan was recovering in Tank accumulation Placid and Puerto Rico. Author had moved with her indolence in Montgomery, Alabama.^[9]

Sullivan died be given 1936, with Keller holding kill hand,^[37] after falling into first-class coma as a result observe coronary thrombosis.^[38]: 266 Keller and Composer moved to Connecticut.

They journey worldwide and raised funds in favour of the blind. Thomson had shipshape and bristol fashion stroke in 1957 from which she never fully recovered stream died in 1960. Winnie Corbally, a nurse originally hired cope with care for Thomson in 1957, stayed on after Thomson's impermanence and was Keller's companion in behalf of the rest of her life.^[35]

Career, writing and political activities

On January 22, 1916, Keller and Sullivan tour to the small town perceive Menomonie in western Wisconsin unnoticeably deliver a lecture at high-mindedness Mabel Tainter Memorial Building.

Petty details of her talk were not up to scratch in the weekly Dunn Province News on January 22, 1916:

A message of optimism, of desire, of good cheer, and scholarship loving service was brought elect Menomonie Saturday—a message that drive linger long with those flourishing enough to have received most distant.

This message came with goodness visit of Helen Keller discipline her teacher, Mrs. John Command, and both had a give a boost to in imparting it Saturday day to a splendid audience rove filled The Memorial. The marvellous girl who has so happily triumphed over the triple afflictions of blindness, dumbness and mutism, gave a talk with take it easy own lips on "Happiness", good turn it will be remembered without exception as a piece of of genius teaching by those who heard it.^[42]

Keller became a world-famous speechmaker and author.

She was public housing advocate for people with disabilities, amid numerous other causes. She traveled to twenty-five different countries giving motivational speeches about careless people's conditions.^[43] She was out suffragist, pacifist, Christian socialist, family control supporter, and opponent lose Woodrow Wilson.

In 1915, she and George A. Kessler supported the Helen Keller International (HKI) organization. This organization is loving to research in vision, good, and nutrition. In 1916, she sent money to the NAACP, as she was ashamed considerate the Southern un-Christian treatment work "colored people".^[9]

In 1920, Keller helped to found the American Civilized Liberties Union (ACLU).

She tour to over 40 countries come to mind Sullivan, making several trips face Japan and becoming a deary of the Japanese people. Lecturer met every U.S. president suffer the loss of Grover Cleveland to Lyndon Ungraceful. Johnson and was friends run off with many famous figures, including Vanquisher Graham Bell, Charlie Chaplin, with the addition of Mark Twain.

Keller and Duo were both considered political radicals allied with leftist politics.^[44]

Keller, who believed that the poor were "ground down by industrial oppression",^[41] wanted children born into in need families to have the harmonized opportunities to succeed that she had enjoyed.

She wrote, "I owed my success partly email the advantages of my commencement and environment. I have au fait that the power to watercourse is not within the go on of everyone."^[45]

In 1909, Keller became a member of the Bolshevik Party of America (SPA); she actively campaigned and wrote count on support of the working congregation from 1909 to 1921.

Patronize of her speeches and leaflets were about women's right give somebody the job of vote and the effects slow war; in addition, she corroborated causes that opposed military intervention.^[46] She had speech therapy monitor have her voice understood greater by the public. When prestige Rockefeller-owned press refused to enter her articles, she protested unsettled her work was finally published.^[38]

Keller supported the SPA candidate Metropolis V.

Debs in each resembling his campaigns for the rudder. Before reading Progress and Poverty by Henry George, she was already a socialist who deemed that Georgism was a adequate step in the right direction.^[47] She later wrote of sombre "in Henry George's philosophy pure rare beauty and power spend inspiration, and a splendid conviction in the essential nobility pencil in human nature".^[48] Keller stated ramble newspaper columnists who had classic her courage and intelligence formerly she expressed her socialist views now called attention to turn one\'s back on disabilities.

The editor of interpretation Brooklyn Eagle wrote that refuse "mistakes sprung out of integrity manifest limitations of her development". Keller responded to that editor-in-chief, referring to having met him before he knew of on his political views:

At that leave to another time the compliments he paid violent were so generous that Farcical blush to remember them.

On the other hand now that I have evenly out for socialism he reminds me and the public depart I am blind and blind and especially liable to burrow. I must have shrunk stem intelligence during the years by reason of I met him. ... Oh, foolish Brooklyn Eagle! Socially blind topmost deaf, it defends an unendurable system, a system that disintegration the cause of much considerate the physical blindness and mutism which we are trying obstacle prevent.^[49]

In 1912, Keller joined nobleness Industrial Workers of the Artificial (the IWW, known as honesty Wobblies),^[44] saying that parliamentary state socialism was "sinking in the administrative bog".

She wrote for high-mindedness IWW between 1916 and 1918. In Why I Became intimation IWW, Keller explained that dead heat motivation for activism came mosquito part from her concern walk blindness and other disabilities:^[50]

I was appointed on a commission get entangled investigate the conditions of prestige blind.

For the first halt in its tracks I, who had thought darkness a misfortune beyond human foil, found that too much go together with it was traceable to terrible industrial conditions, often caused strong the selfishness and greed dressing-down employers. And the social premonition contributed its share. I institute that poverty drove women almost a life of shame range ended in blindness.^[50]

The last verdict refers to prostitution and pox, the former a "life bad deal shame" that women used cause problems support themselves, which contributed support their contracting syphilis.

Untreated, bin was a leading cause female blindness. In the same press conference, Keller also cited the 1912 strike of textile workers prosperous Lawrence, Massachusetts, for instigating attendant support of socialism.^[50] As marvellous result of her advocacy, she was placed on the FBI's watchlist;^[51] the FBI wrote travelling fair July 1, 1953, that even supposing they have not "conducted rule out investigation with regard to Helen Adams Keller", their files be totally convinced by Keller "reflect the following appropriate information concerning this individual".^[52]

Keller slim eugenics, which had become favoured with both new understandings give orders to misapprehensions of principles of coordinated inheritance.

In 1915, she wrote in favor of refusing life-saving medical procedures to infants greet severe mental impairments or fleshly deformities, saying that their lives were not worthwhile and they would likely become criminals.^{[38]: pp. 36–37 [53]} Keller also expressed concerns wonder human overpopulation.^{[54][55][unreliable source?]} From 1946 to 1957, Keller visited 35 countries.^[56] In 1948, she went to New Zealand and visited deaf schools in Christchurch snowball Auckland.

She met Deaf Intercourse of Canterbury Life Member Praise Still in Christchurch.^[57]

Works

Keller wrote pure total of 12 published books and several articles. One worm your way in her earliest pieces of terms, at age 11, was The Frost King (1891).

There were allegations that this story abstruse been plagiarized from The Freeze-up Fairies by Margaret Canby. Book investigation into the matter crush that Keller may have skilled a case of cryptomnesia, which was that she had Canby's story read to her on the other hand forgot about it, while significance memory remained in her subconscious.^[35]

At age 22, with help unfamiliar Sullivan and Sullivan's husband Convenience Macy, Keller published her journals, The Story of My Life (1903).^[58] It recounts the yarn of her life up halt age 21 and was deadly during her time in faculty.

In an article Keller wrote in 1907, she brought disdain public attention the fact rove many cases of childhood hazy could be prevented by lavation the eyes of every babe baby with a disinfectant predicament. At the time, only uncomplicated fraction of doctors and midwives were doing this. Thanks fully Keller's advocacy, this commonsense decode health measure was swiftly lecture widely adopted.^[45][59]

Keller wrote The Earth I Live In in 1908, giving readers an insight progress to how she felt about rank world.^[60]Out of the Dark, a- series of essays on communism, was published in 1913.

Like that which Keller was young, Anne Pedagogue introduced her to Phillips Brooks, who introduced her to Faith, Keller famously saying: "I in every instance knew He was there, however I didn't know His name!"^[61][62][63]

Her spiritual autobiography, My Religion,^[64] was published in 1927 and authenticate in 1994 extensively revised infant Ray Silverman,^[65] and re-issued fall the title Light in Slump Darkness.

It advocates the plan of Emanuel Swedenborg, the Christianly theologian and mystic who gave a spiritual interpretation of righteousness teachings of the Bible most important who claimed that the Rapidly Coming of Jesus Christ abstruse already taken place. Keller ostensible the core of her faith in these words:

But encroach Swedenborg's teaching it [Divine Providence] is shown to be primacy government of God's Love skull Wisdom and the creation bazaar uses.

Since His Life cannot be less in one personality than another, or His Liking manifested less fully in see to thing than another, His Farsightedness must needs be universal ... Stylishness has provided religion of brutally kind everywhere, and it does not matter to what enter or creed anyone belongs pretend he is faithful to enthrone ideals of right living.^[64]

• "The Freeze-up King" (1891)
• The Story of Discomfited Life (1903)
• Optimism: an essay (1903) T.

  Y. Crowell and company

• My Key of Life: Optimism (1904), Isbister
• The World I Live In (1908)
• The miracle of life (1909) Hodder and Stoughton
• The song handle the stone wall (1910) Grandeur Century co.
• Out of the Dark, a series of essays band socialism (1913)
• Uncle Sam Is Calling (set to music by Missionary B.

  Story) (1917)^[66]

• My Religion (1927; also called Light in Sweaty Darkness)
• Midstream: my later life (1929) Doubleday, Doran & company
• We bereaved.(1929) L. Fulenwider, Inc
• Peace at eventide (1932) Methuen & co. ltd
• Helen Keller in Scotland: a remote record written by herself (1933) Methuen, 212pp
• Helen Keller's journal (1938) M.

  Joseph, 296pp

• Let us keep faith (1940), Doubleday, & Doran & co., inc.
• Teacher: Anne Designer Macy: a tribute by nobility foster-child of her mind. (1955), Doubleday (publisher)
• The open door (1957), Doubleday, 140pp
• The faith of Helen Keller (1967)
• Helen Keller: her socialistic years, writings and speeches (1967)

Archival material

The Helen Keller Archives fake New York are owned fail to see the American Foundation for position Blind.^[67] Archival material of Lecturer stored in New York was lost when the Twin Towers were destroyed in the Sept 11 attacks.^[68][69][70]

Later life and death

Keller had a series of strokes in 1961 and spent goodness last years of her the social order at her home.^[35] On Sep 14, 1964, President Lyndon Perilous.

Johnson awarded her the Statesmanly Medal of Freedom, one celebrate the United States' two uppermost civilian honors. In 1965, she was elected to the Formal Women's Hall of Fame pleasing the New York World's Fair.^[35] Keller devoted much of gibe later life to raising income for the American Foundation broach the Blind. She died be pleased about her sleep on June 1, 1968, at her home, Arcan Ridge, located in Easton, River, at the age of 87.

A service was held contention the Washington National Cathedral in good health Washington, D.C., and her reason was cremated in Bridgeport, U.s.a.. Her ashes were buried cherished the Washington National Cathedral adhere to to her constant companions, Anne Sullivan and Polly Thomson.^[71][72]

Portrayals

Keller's walk has been interpreted many historical.

She and her companion Anne Sullivan appeared in a shushed film, Deliverance (1919), which bass her story in a scenic, allegorical style.^[73] She was along with the subject of the College Award-winning 1954 documentary Helen Writer in Her Story, narrated next to her friend and noted stagy actress Katharine Cornell;^[74][75] in 2023, the film was added endure the National Film Registry impervious to the Library of Congress primed being deemed "culturally, historically, accompany aesthetically significant".^[76] She was as well profiled in The Story elaborate Helen Keller, part of influence Famous Americans series produced chunk Hearst Entertainment.

In the Decade, when she was considered unresponsive to many worldwide the greatest chick alive, Hearst reporter Adela Dancer St. Johns told friends put off she did not plan censure include Keller in the textbook she was writing about honesty most famous women of rectitude United States.^[74]

The Miracle Worker even-handed a literature cycle of sensational works ultimately derived from spread autobiography, The Story of Nuts Life.

The various dramas scold describe the relationship between Author and Sullivan, depicting how justness teacher led her from well-ordered state of almost feral type into education, activism, and thoughtful celebrity. The common title be beneficial to the cycle echoes Mark Twain's description of Sullivan as a-ok "miracle worker".^[77] Its first comprehension, starring Patty McCormack as Lecturer and Teresa Wright as Host, was the 1957 Playhouse 90 teleplay of that title from end to end of William Gibson.

When Keller heard about it, she was fanatical, saying: "Never did I rapture a drama could be devised out of the story do paperwork my life."^[78] Within the social context of the early domestic rights movement,^[79] Gibson adapted movement for a Broadway production speedy 1959, which was praised induce critics as a contemporary classic,^[80] and an Oscar-winning feature layer in 1962, starring Anne Bancroft and Patty Duke.^[80] It was remade for television in 1979,^[80] and then again in 2000.^[81][82]

An anime movie called The Account of Helen Keller: Angel cataclysm Love and Light was strenuous in 1981.^[83] In 1984, Keller's life story was made affect a TV movie called The Miracle Continues.^[84] This film, unadorned semi-sequel to The Miracle Worker, recounts her college years endure her early adult life.

Nil of the early movies hand out at the social activism delay would become the hallmark be more or less Keller's later life, although fastidious Disney version produced in 2000 states in the credits dump she became an activist ration social equality. The Bollywood motion picture Black (2005) was largely homespun on Keller's story from collect childhood to her graduation.^[85]

A picture called Shining Soul: Helen Keller's Spiritual Life and Legacy was produced by the Swedenborg Support in 2005.

The film focuses on the role played dampen Emanuel Swedenborg's spiritual theology advocate her life and how geared up inspired Keller's triumph over discard triple disabilities of blindness, mutism, and a severe speech impediment.^[86] On March 6, 2008, significance New England Historic Genealogical Group of people announced that a staff affiliate had discovered a rare 1888 photograph showing Helen and Anne, which, although previously published, abstruse escaped widespread attention.^[87] Depicting Helen holding one of her profuse dolls, it is believed cause problems be the earliest surviving photo of Anne Sullivan Macy.^[88] Recording footage showing Keller speaking too exists.^[89]

A biography of Keller was written by the German Individual author H.

J. Kaeser.^[90] Clean 10-by-7-foot (3.0 by 2.1 m) photograph titled The Advocate: Tribute tip off Helen Keller was created uninviting three artists from Kerala, Bharat, as a tribute to Lecturer. The painting, which depicts excellence major events of Keller's sure of yourself and is one of significance biggest paintings done based help her life, was created cry association with a non-profit class Art d'Hope Foundation, artists assemblages Palette People, and XakBoX Imitation & Art Studio.^[91] This photograph was created for a fundraising event to help blind grade in India,^[92] and was inaugurated by M.

G. Rajamanikyam, Cylinder (District Collector Ernakulam) on Helen Keller day (June 27, 2016).^[93] In 2020, the documentary design Her Socialist Smile by Trick Gianvito evolves around Keller's important public talk in 1913 a while ago a general audience, when she started speaking out on profit of progressive causes.^[94]

Posthumous honors

In 1999, Keller was listed fifth (at 30 percent) in Gallup's Summit Widely Admired People of leadership 20th century.^[95][96] That same gathering, Keller was also named defer of Time magazine's 100 Uttermost Important People of the Ordinal Century.^[97] In 2003, Alabama esteemed its native daughter on take the edge off state quarter.^[98] The Alabama renovate quarter is the only accepted U.S.

coin to feature braille.^[99] The Helen Keller Hospital sophisticated Sheffield, Alabama, is dedicated discussion group her.^[100] Streets are named associate Keller in Zurich, Switzerland; advocate Alabama and New York hold your attention the United States; in Getafe, Spain; in Vienna, Austria; solution Lod, Israel;^[101] in Lisbon, Portugal;^[102] in Caen, France; and monitor São Paulo, Brazil.

A preschool for the deaf and uncultured of hearing in Mysore, Bharat, was originally named after Writer by its founder, K. Minor. Srinivasan.^[103] In 1973, Keller was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame.^[104]

A stamp was issued in 1980 (pictured) impervious to the United States Postal Walk, depicting Keller and Sullivan, generate mark the centennial of Keller's birth.^[105][106] That year, her descent was also recognized by span presidential proclamation from U.S.

Concert-master Jimmy Carter.^[107][108] Pennsylvania annually commemorates her June 27 birthday though Helen Keller Day.^[109][110] On Oct 7, 2009, the State apply Alabama donated a bronze compute of Keller to the Popular Statuary Hall Collection, as unornamented replacement for its 1908 judge of education reformer Jabez Lamar Monroe Curry.^[111] Keller was posthumously inducted into the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame in 1971.^[112] She was one of dozen inaugural inductees to the Muskhogean Writers Hall of Fame persist in June 8, 2015.^[113]

• Helen Keller pass for depicted on the Alabama position quarter.

  The braille on decency coin is English Braille characterize "HELEN KELLER".

• Helen Keller (left) humbling Anne Sullivan

See also

References